Check references with confidence
Practical guidance on source verification, database coverage and findings backed by evidence.
Check a bibliography: identify errors and fabricated sources
A systematic workflow for comparing DOIs, titles, authors and years, documenting discrepancies and following up unresolved references.
Read guideWhich databases does reliable reference checking need?
Compare DOI registries, research indexes, repositories and library catalogues by publication type, subject and language.
Read guideCheck ChatGPT sources: from citation to original publication
Find the publication, compare DOI and metadata, and read the original passage before using an AI-generated reference.
Read guide